CaRMS taxon details
Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843)
103788 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:103788)
accepted
Species
marine, fresh, terrestrial
(of ) De Kay, J. E. (1843). Mollusca. Zoology of New-York, or the New-York fauna; comprising detailed descriptions of all the animals hitherto observed within the State of New-York; with brief notices of those occasionally found near its borders; and accompanied by appropriate illustrations. Carroll and Cook, Albany, New York. Part 5, pp. 1-271, plates 1-40., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2022507
page(s): 259 [details]
page(s): 259 [details]
Distribution Bay of Fundy to Gulf of Mexico
Distribution circum-global
Taxonomy Order: Pleurogona Suborder: Stolidobranchiata, according to Trott (2004).
Distribution Bay of Fundy to Gulf of Mexico [details]
Distribution circum-global
Distribution circum-global [details]
Taxonomy Order: Pleurogona Suborder: Stolidobranchiata, according to Trott (2004).
Taxonomy Order: Pleurogona Suborder: Stolidobranchiata, according to Trott (2004). [details]
Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2021). Ascidiacea World Database. Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843). Accessed through: Kennedy, M.K., L. Van Guelpen, G. Pohle, L. Bajona (Eds.) (2021) Canadian Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/carms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103788 on 2025-05-09
Nozères, C., Kennedy, M.K. (Eds.) (2025). Canadian Register of Marine Species. Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843). Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/CaRMS/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103788 on 2025-05-09
original description
(of ) De Kay, J. E. (1843). Mollusca. Zoology of New-York, or the New-York fauna; comprising detailed descriptions of all the animals hitherto observed within the State of New-York; with brief notices of those occasionally found near its borders; and accompanied by appropriate illustrations. Carroll and Cook, Albany, New York. Part 5, pp. 1-271, plates 1-40., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2022507
page(s): 259 [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Schelde) (2010). Bedreiging voor biodiversiteit. Indicatoren voor het Schelde-estuarium. <em>Opgemaakt in opdracht van Afdeling Maritieme Toegang, projectgroep EcoWaMorSe, Vlaams Nederlandse Scheldecommissie. VLIZ Information Sheets, 200. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ): Oostende.</em> 7 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Monniot, C. (2001). Ascidiacea & Sorberacea. <em>In: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: pp. 352-355. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Polk, P. (1976). Inventarisatie plankton: fauna en flora. [Plankton inventory : fauna and flora.]. <em>In: Nihoul, J.C.J.; De Coninck, L. (Ed.) (1976). Project Sea final report: 7. Inventory of fauna and flora.</em> :233-311. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Linkletter, L. E. (1977). A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. <em>Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B.</em> 68: p. [details]
additional source Miner, R. W. (1950). Field book of seashore life. <em>G.P. Putnam & Sons.</em> 1-888. [details]
additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. <em>Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France.</em> 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]
additional source Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. <em>Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review.</em> 43: 419-453. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Kott, P. (1985). The Australian Ascidiacea part 1, Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. <em>Mem Qd Mus.</em> 23: 1-440., available online at http://biostor.org/reference/109626 [details] Available for editors
additional source Gosner, K.L. (1979). A Field Guide to the Atlantic Seashore. Invertebrates and Seaweeds of the Atlantic Coast from the Bay of Fundy to Cape Hatteras. <em>Wiley-Interscience, Boston.</em> 329pp., figs. 1-72, pls. 1-64. [pdf copepods only]. [details] Available for editors
additional source Cole, L. and G. Lambert. 2009. Tunicata (Urochordata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1209–1216 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Trott, T. J. (2004). Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. <em>Northeastern Naturalist.</em> 11, 261-324., available online at http://www.gulfofmaine.org/kb/files/9793/TROTT-Cobscook%20List.pdf [details] Available for editors
additional source Lutaenko, K.A.; Furota, T.; Nakayama; S.; Shin, K.; Xu, J. (2013). Atlas of Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region. Beijing: NOWPAP DINRAC (Northwest Pacific Action Plan, Data and Information Network Regional Center). 189 pp. [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO). , available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/urmo/ [details]
page(s): 259 [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Schelde) (2010). Bedreiging voor biodiversiteit. Indicatoren voor het Schelde-estuarium. <em>Opgemaakt in opdracht van Afdeling Maritieme Toegang, projectgroep EcoWaMorSe, Vlaams Nederlandse Scheldecommissie. VLIZ Information Sheets, 200. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ): Oostende.</em> 7 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Monniot, C. (2001). Ascidiacea & Sorberacea. <em>In: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: pp. 352-355. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Polk, P. (1976). Inventarisatie plankton: fauna en flora. [Plankton inventory : fauna and flora.]. <em>In: Nihoul, J.C.J.; De Coninck, L. (Ed.) (1976). Project Sea final report: 7. Inventory of fauna and flora.</em> :233-311. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Linkletter, L. E. (1977). A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. <em>Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B.</em> 68: p. [details]
additional source Miner, R. W. (1950). Field book of seashore life. <em>G.P. Putnam & Sons.</em> 1-888. [details]
additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. <em>Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France.</em> 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]
additional source Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. <em>Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review.</em> 43: 419-453. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Kott, P. (1985). The Australian Ascidiacea part 1, Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. <em>Mem Qd Mus.</em> 23: 1-440., available online at http://biostor.org/reference/109626 [details] Available for editors
additional source Gosner, K.L. (1979). A Field Guide to the Atlantic Seashore. Invertebrates and Seaweeds of the Atlantic Coast from the Bay of Fundy to Cape Hatteras. <em>Wiley-Interscience, Boston.</em> 329pp., figs. 1-72, pls. 1-64. [pdf copepods only]. [details] Available for editors
additional source Cole, L. and G. Lambert. 2009. Tunicata (Urochordata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1209–1216 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Trott, T. J. (2004). Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. <em>Northeastern Naturalist.</em> 11, 261-324., available online at http://www.gulfofmaine.org/kb/files/9793/TROTT-Cobscook%20List.pdf [details] Available for editors
additional source Lutaenko, K.A.; Furota, T.; Nakayama; S.; Shin, K.; Xu, J. (2013). Atlas of Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region. Beijing: NOWPAP DINRAC (Northwest Pacific Action Plan, Data and Information Network Regional Center). 189 pp. [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO). , available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/urmo/ [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Genetic nomenclature abbreviation Momanh [details]From regional or thematic species database
Introduced species impact in Sea of Japan (IHO Sea Area) : Water abstraction or nuisance fouling [details]Introduced species impact Chinese part of the South China Sea (Marine Region) Water abstraction or nuisance fouling [details]
Introduced species impact Chinese part of the Yellow Sea (Marine Region) Water abstraction or nuisance fouling [details]
Introduced species impact in United States part of the North Pacific Ocean (Marine Region) : Outcompetes native species for resources and/or space [details]
Introduced species impact Chinese part of the Eastern Chinese Sea(Marine Region) Water abstraction or nuisance fouling [details]
Introduced species remark In Sea of Japan (IHO Sea Area) : Molgula manhattensis comprised 42% of the macrofouling on one wharf with highly polluted water, in Golden Horn Bay, Vladivostok, Russia, but was a minor component at two other sites (Koryakova et al. 2002). [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal Argentinean part of the South Atlantic Ocean (Marine Region) Ships: accidental as attached or free-living fouling organisms [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Dutch part of the North Sea : Shipping [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Argentina (Nation) : It is a common fouling species and was likely transported on ship hulls or through Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture. [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Australian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) : It is a common fouling species and was likely transported on ship hulls or through Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture. [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Black Sea (IHO Sea Area) : It is a common fouling species and was likely transported on ship hulls or through Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture. [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Japan (Nation) : It is a common fouling species and was likely transported on ship hulls or through Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture. [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Norwegian part of the North Sea (Marine Region) : It is a common fouling species and was likely transported on ship hulls or through Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture. [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal United States part of the North Pacific Ocean (Marine Region) Aquaculture: accidental [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal Chinese part of the South China Sea (Marine Region) Ships: General [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal Chinese part of the Eastern Chinese Sea(Marine Region) Ships: General [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal Chinese part of the Yellow Sea (Marine Region) Ships: General [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Belgian part of the North Sea: Ships: accidental as attached or free-living fouling organisms [details]
Unreviewed
Alien species The sea grape, Molgula manhattensis, has been present for a long time in Europe, along the east coast of America, and around Australia. Some authors are convinced that the specimens found in America or Europe are different species altogether and therefore in Europe the sea grape can not be considered an exotic species. In Belgium this sea grape was first observed and reported in the middle of the 19th century in the harbour of Ostend. Later the species also established itself in the harbours of Zeebrugge and Blankenberge. The species could have arrived in Belgium via attachment to ship's hulls. [details]Diet plankton feeder [details]
Dimensions 34 mm in size [details]
Distribution Bay of Fundy to Gulf of Mexico [details]
Distribution circum-global [details]
Habitat infralittoral of the Gulf and estuary [details]
Reproduction hermaphroditic; eggs shed and fertilized in the water [details]
Taxonomy Order: Pleurogona Suborder: Stolidobranchiata, according to Trott (2004). [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Danish | lådden søpung | [details] |
| Dutch | zeedruifronde zakpijp | [details] |
| English | sea squirtssea grapemolgula | [details] |
| French | molgule de Manhattanmolgule | [details] |
| German | Meertraubeblaugrüne Ascidie | [details] |
| Japanese | マンハッタンボヤ | [details] |
| Swedish | luddsjöpung | [details] |
BIOTIC
European Network on Invasive Alien Species (NOBANIS) - Molgula manhattensis
Marine Life Information Network - UK
To Barcode of Life (65 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (152 publications)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Molgula manhattensis)
To GenBank (125 nucleotides; 70 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To Information system on Aquatic Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species (AquaNIS)
To Niet-inheemse soorten Belgisch deel Noordzee en aanpalende estuaria (in Dutch)
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Chordata Collection (172 records)
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 082347)
To ITIS
European Network on Invasive Alien Species (NOBANIS) - Molgula manhattensis
Marine Life Information Network - UK
To Barcode of Life (65 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (152 publications)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Molgula manhattensis)
To GenBank (125 nucleotides; 70 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To Information system on Aquatic Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species (AquaNIS)
To Niet-inheemse soorten Belgisch deel Noordzee en aanpalende estuaria (in Dutch)
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Chordata Collection (172 records)
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 082347)
To ITIS
